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Notes

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Kramer’s bold, modern portrait of Sam Nagley highlights the sitter’s head against a plain black background giving the work a condensed, graphic quality. The angular modelling of Nagley’s face shows the influence of the radical Vorticist movement with which Kramer was associated in 1915.

Sam Nagley was a doctor and musician in Kramer’s home town of Leeds, where the artist returned after his father’s death in 1916. Nagley’s sister, who married another of the artist’s circle, Dr Caplan, was also a friend and model of Kramer’s.

A Russian-Jewish immigrant, Kramer arrived in Britain in 1900. He studied at Leeds School of Art and briefly at the Slade, where his associates included ‘Whitechapel Boys’ Mark Gertler and David Bomberg, with whom he exhibited in 1914 as part of a review of modern movements at the Whitechapel Art Gallery.