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Vivian entered the army in 1793, and less than a year later became a captain in the 28th Foot Regiment. He served in the 1794 campaigns in Flanders and the Netherlands. In 1804, he was made Lieutenant-Colonel in command of the 7th Regiment, with whom he served in the Peninsular War between 1808 and 1813. He saw active service in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, which earned him the thanks of both houses of Parliament, and many honours. Vivian sat as an MP from 1821 until 1831, after which he was made Commander of the forces in Ireland.