Painter, born in Edinburgh. He studied at the College of Art there, 1948–53, then at British School in Rome, 1957. Among group exhibitions participated in were Young British Artists, Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1953; the Arts Council 4 Scottish Painters, 1959–60, Edinburgh and tour; UNESCO’s 25 Years of British Painting, 1972; and University of New South Wales Invitation, 1984–6. Among prizes won were the Georges Invitation Prize in 1976; the Capital Permanent Prize in 1978–80; and the Gold Coast Prize, 1983. After a solo show at the 57 Gallery, Edinburgh, in 1959, others were held at the Scottish Gallery there; Gallery West, Los Angeles, 1969; Bartoni Gallery, Melbourne, 1975; Melbourne University Art Gallery in 1983; a Perth Festival retrospective at University of Western Australia in 1984; and in 1989 Scottish Gallery in London held An Antipodean Decade 1979–1989, to coincide with a major show at Macquarie Galleries, Sydney.