Prolific artist and teacher, born in Beckenham, Kent, where she studied at St Christopher’s School. She attended Beckenham Art School, 1925–7, and Chelsea Art School, 1927–9; held various teaching posts, 1929–48; then studied at Guildford School of Art for two terms, 1946. She was art adviser to the Hertfordshire Education Committee, 1948–51, and principal of St Albans School of Art, 1951–67, also undertaking extensive institute of education and university external examination work and lecturing to teachers for the Ministry of Education, National Union of Teachers, London County Council, many education committees and for the British Council on two visits to Cyprus. She showed with the LG, NEAC, AIA and SEA and with Piccadilly, Leicester, Cooling and Goupil Galleries and Brighton City Art Gallery.